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A business plan is a written summary of your business idea including the product, people, equipment, financing, competition, sales and marketing, cash flow and operations that are required. You will want to prepare a business plan not only for your new venture but also for new products or business models. If you need financing for your venture you will need a Business Plan to present the plan to venture capitalist, investors or your bank. Even if you are self financing the venture you should prepare a business plan as if you were going to present it to your bank. There is no one easier to lie to than yourself and no one easier to fool.

There is no magic formula for a Business Plan although I always found when presenting a plan to a bank the heavier and longer it was the easier it was to get the banks approval. You plan should at a minimum include the following.

A detailed description of the product or line of products or services including target consumer and features and benefits of the product. A statement of qualifications and experience of the person or persons who will lead and manage the venture. A detailed plan of where and how the product will be manufactured or purchased. If it requires manufacturing where will you get the equipment, factory space, raw materials and skilled labor? If you are purchasing the product what are your supply lines? Do you have a purchasing agreement in place? How reliable is the source? Can you get alternate sources if necessary? A marketing plan that details you unique selling propositions, market area, method of reaching your customer such as advertising or online marketing. How will you attract the right sales people? If you are planning on using a marketing firm provide details. If you are out sourcing sales such as to a real estate agent if you are building homes include information on the individual or firm you intend to use. If they provide a marketing plan include that in your business plan. A cash flow plan detailing required cash resources and how long the cash will be required before the venture becomes cash positive. A statement of required resources not listed above such as licenses, permits, insurance, testing and research, office space and associated equipment and furniture. An organizational chart showing a plan for operating the business at inception and as it grows. A list of your key advisors; accountant, attorney, insurance professional Include a break even and profit analysis. How many units or dollars do you need to sell to break even and how many do you need to sell to provide a return to your investors? A bank will want to make sure they are going to get repaid. Investors will expect a return which well exceeds return they could get from safer investments such as saving accounts, money markets or bonds.

Even if you do not need to reach out to investors and a bank and are going to be self financed prepare a business plan and present it to a bank or group of investors who do not have fallen in love with the idea like you have. If you cannot convince them to provide funding then you likely need to reexamine the plan.

Friends and relatives are not a good audience as they will either be too easily swayed by your enthusiasm or afraid to tell you what they really think. I once had a relative who I looked up to all my life. He was buying a franchise when he retired and he showed me the business plan. When I looked at the return on investment and the work required to produce that income I thought “this plan will never work.” Because I had looked up to him so long I kept my opinion to myself. He spent almost ten years working too many hours trying to keep from losing his retirement savings. In the end only the long hours and a lot of resourcefulness helped him recoup his original investment.

Original Content copyright 2010 Thomas Robinson